• the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scale [ Time Frame: at baseline (T0), which means 1 month before stimulation. ]
  The CRS-R is a tool used to characterise the level of consciousness.The CRS-R is a tool used to characterize the level of consciousness and to monitor neurobehavioural recovery in DOC. The scale consists of 23 hierarchically arranged items that comprise six subscales addressing the auditory, visual, motor, oromotor/verbal, communication and arousal processes. The lowest item on each subscale represents reflexive activity whereas the highest item represents cognitively mediated behaviors.
• the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scale [ Time Frame: 2 weeks after the end of the treatment (T1) ]
  The CRS-R is a tool used to characterise the level of consciousness.The CRS-R is a tool used to characterize the level of consciousness and to monitor neurobehavioural recovery in DOC. The scale consists of 23 hierarchically arranged items that comprise six subscales addressing the auditory, visual, motor, oromotor/verbal, communication and arousal processes. The lowest item on each subscale represents reflexive activity whereas the highest item represents cognitively mediated behaviors.
• the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scale [ Time Frame: 3 months after the end of the treatment (T2) ]
  The CRS-R is a tool used to characterise the level of consciousness.The CRS-R is a tool used to characterize the level of consciousness and to monitor neurobehavioural recovery in DOC. The scale consists of 23 hierarchically arranged items that comprise six subscales addressing the auditory, visual, motor, oromotor/verbal, communication and arousal processes. The lowest item on each subscale represents reflexive activity whereas the highest item represents cognitively mediated behaviors.
• the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scale [ Time Frame: 6 months after the end of the treatment(T3) ]
  The CRS-R is a tool used to characterise the level of consciousness.The CRS-R is a tool used to characterize the level of consciousness and to monitor neurobehavioural recovery in DOC. The scale consists of 23 hierarchically arranged items that comprise six subscales addressing the auditory, visual, motor, oromotor/verbal, communication and arousal processes. The lowest item on each subscale represents reflexive activity whereas the highest item represents cognitively mediated behaviors.

• EEG recording in resting state with Phase Coherence analysis(PC index) [ Time Frame: at baseline (T0), which means 1 month before stimulation. ]
  EEG data will be collected using a 256-channel EEG recording system(GES300, Electrical Geodesic, Inc., USA). Phase Coherence index will be performed in MATLAB by first taking the phase of the spectral signals(A), and the caculating as the following: mean[cos(A),2]^2 + mean[sin(A),2]^2
• EEG recording in resting state with Phase Coherence analysis(PC index) [ Time Frame: 2 weeks after the end of the treatment (T1) ]
  EEG data will be collected using a 256-channel EEG recording system(GES300, Electrical Geodesic, Inc., USA). Phase Coherence index will be performed in MATLAB by first taking the phase of the spectral signals(A), and the caculating as the following: mean[cos(A),2]^2 + mean[sin(A),2]^2
• EEG recording in resting state with Phase Coherence analysis(PC index) [ Time Frame: 3 months after the end of the treatment (T2) ]
  EEG data will be collected using a 256-channel EEG recording system(GES300, Electrical Geodesic, Inc., USA). Phase Coherence index will be performed in MATLAB by first taking the phase of the spectral signals(A), and the caculating as the following: mean[cos(A),2]^2 + mean[sin(A),2]^2
• EEG recording in resting state with Phase Coherence analysis(PC index) [ Time Frame: 6 months after the end of the treatment (T3) ]
  EEG data will be collected using a 256-channel EEG recording system(GES300, Electrical Geodesic, Inc., USA). Phase Coherence index will be performed in MATLAB by first taking the phase of the spectral signals(A), and the caculating as the following: mean[cos(A),2]^2 + mean[sin(A),2]^2

The spinal cord stimulation therapy is explorative at best at the moment. Attempts to improve the level of consciousness of patients in the different stages of DOC have shown some promise. Spinal cord stimulation(SCS) seem promising in some studies, suggesting that further research is needed. Current publications of DOC spinal cord stimulation therapy was not convincing because of the small number of patients and no randomized controlled trial. Therefore, there was much debate about the effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation therapy because of the limitation of our understanding of consciousness and the uncertainty of parameters of neuromodulation. The better understanding of brain function and large randomized trials are necessary. Future research should also focus on identifying specific neuro-biomarkers (i.e. neural network). So, to figure out the indications and effectiveness of neuromodulation therapy should be the first step, and finding individual treatment and parameter may have important implications for DOC patients.

Scientific Issues Targeted:1) To figure out the effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation therapy using random controlled trial. 2) To explore individual parameters of SCS techniques.

• Disorder of Consciousness
• Minimally Conscious State
• Vegetative State

• No Intervention: Conventional treatment
• Experimental: Spinal cord stimulation and conventional treatment
  Intervention: Procedure: spinal cord stimulation

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients ages 14 to 65 years old;
2. DOC patients, including vegetative state and minimally consciousness state.
3. With normal body temperature, stable vital signs, spontaneous breathing without an extra oxygen supply, no tracheotomy using metal trachea cannula, and feasible for magnetic resonance inspectors;
4. Written informed consent from patient families

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of nervous or spirit disorders, or some other serious diseases such as cardiac or pulmonary problems;
2. With contraindications of spinal cord operations.
3. Body temperature is abnormal, vital signs are not stable, still need a ventilator to support breathing; Plentiful sputum needed suction during MRI scans.