Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
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Dry Eye Neuropathic Eye Pain Ocular Microbiome Depression, Anxiety | Drug: Azithromycin Oral Product Drug: Placebo Oral | Phase 4 |
This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double masked trial of the effectiveness of oral azithromycin in treating symptomatic dry eye syndrome secondary to Meibomian gland dysfunction. Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a persistent feeling of ocular discomfort that encompasses dryness, irritation, foreign body sensation and burning. In the United States, it is the most common non-refractive cause of visits to eye care providers, and has been shown to have a significant impact on quality of life of patients who suffer from this condition. most common cause of DES is Meibomian gland disease (MGD). In the vast majority of cases, MGD is not binding, but rather causes persistant ocular discomfort.
Oral antibiotics, particularly the tetracyclines and macrolides, are frequently prescribed for the treatment of MGD. There is little good-quality evidence to support this practice. This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral azithromycin on patient-reported dry eye symptoms. Concomitantly, we will also study the composition of the ocular surface microbiome in MGD, and its response for oral antibiotics.
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Estimated Enrollment : | 40 participants |
Allocation: | Randomized |
Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
Masking: | Double (Participant, Care Provider) |
Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
Official Title: | A Randomized, Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Role of Oral Azithromycin in the Treatment of Symptomatic Meibomian Gland Disease and Its Effect on the Ocular Surface Microbiome |
Actual Study Start Date : | September 1, 2018 |
Estimated Primary Completion Date : | December 1, 2023 |
Estimated Study Completion Date : | December 1, 2023 |
Arm | Intervention/treatment |
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Placebo Comparator: Placebo |
Drug: Placebo Oral
Oral placebo tablet
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Active Comparator: Azithromycin |
Drug: Azithromycin Oral Product
Oral azithromycin dosed at 1 gram per week for 3 weeks
Other Name: Zithromax
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To evaluate the composition of the ocular surface microbiome using Shannon's diversity index. The alpha diversity (local species pool) of the population will be analyzed and compared pre-and post-treatment within and between the azithromycin and control groups. The difference between the bacterial microbiome in the azithromycin and placebo arm will be assessed using a PERMANOVA with an L2 norm distance measure.
Secondary analyses will include L1 and L0 norms, as well as a phylogenetic distance. In addition, we will assess whether bacterial alpha diversity is decreased in the antibiotic treated arm with the primary outcome being the Simpson's index (L2), with secondary analyses assessing Shannon's (L1) and Richness (L0).
To evaluate the composition of the ocular surface microbiome using Shannon's diversity index. The alpha diversity (local species pool) of the population will be analyzed and compared pre-and post-treatment within and between the azithromycin and control groups. The difference between the bacterial microbiome in the azithromycin and placebo arm will be assessed using a PERMANOVA with an L2 norm distance measure.
Secondary analyses will include L1 and L0 norms, as well as a phylogenetic distance. In addition, we will assess whether bacterial alpha diversity is decreased in the antibiotic treated arm with the primary outcome being the Simpson's index (L2), with secondary analyses assessing Shannon's (L1) and Richness (L0).
Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Contact: Khashayar Nattagh, BA | 19499107667 | khash.nattagh@ucsf.edu | |
Contact: Julie Schallhorn, MD, MS | julie.schallhorn@ucsf.edu |
United States, California | |
University of California San Francisco | Recruiting |
San Francisco, California, United States, 94143 | |
Contact: khashayar nattagh 949-910-7667 knattagh@gmail.com | |
Sub-Investigator: John A Gonzales, MD | |
Sub-Investigator: Jennifer Rose-Nussbaumer, MD | |
Sub-Investigator: Geremi Seitzman, MD | |
Sub-Investigator: Neeti Parikh, MD | |
Sub-Investigator: Matilda Chan, MD, PhD | |
Sub-Investigator: Khashayar Nattagh, BA |
Principal Investigator: | Julie Schallhorn, MD, MS | University of California, San Francisco | |
Principal Investigator: | Thuy Doan, MD, PhD | University of California, San Francisco |
Tracking Information | |||||||||
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First Submitted Date ICMJE | June 27, 2018 | ||||||||
First Posted Date ICMJE | May 16, 2019 | ||||||||
Last Update Posted Date | February 3, 2021 | ||||||||
Actual Study Start Date ICMJE | September 1, 2018 | ||||||||
Estimated Primary Completion Date | December 1, 2023 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) | ||||||||
Current Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE |
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Original Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE | Same as current | ||||||||
Change History | |||||||||
Current Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE |
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Original Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE | Same as current | ||||||||
Current Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures | Not Provided | ||||||||
Original Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures | Not Provided | ||||||||
Descriptive Information | |||||||||
Brief Title ICMJE | Azithromycin for Meibomian Gland Disease | ||||||||
Official Title ICMJE | A Randomized, Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Role of Oral Azithromycin in the Treatment of Symptomatic Meibomian Gland Disease and Its Effect on the Ocular Surface Microbiome | ||||||||
Brief Summary | This study aims to elucidate the effectiveness of oral azithromycin in treating symptomatic dry eye syndrome secondary to Meibomian gland dysfunction. | ||||||||
Detailed Description |
This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double masked trial of the effectiveness of oral azithromycin in treating symptomatic dry eye syndrome secondary to Meibomian gland dysfunction. Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a persistent feeling of ocular discomfort that encompasses dryness, irritation, foreign body sensation and burning. In the United States, it is the most common non-refractive cause of visits to eye care providers, and has been shown to have a significant impact on quality of life of patients who suffer from this condition. most common cause of DES is Meibomian gland disease (MGD). In the vast majority of cases, MGD is not binding, but rather causes persistant ocular discomfort. Oral antibiotics, particularly the tetracyclines and macrolides, are frequently prescribed for the treatment of MGD. There is little good-quality evidence to support this practice. This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral azithromycin on patient-reported dry eye symptoms. Concomitantly, we will also study the composition of the ocular surface microbiome in MGD, and its response for oral antibiotics. |
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Study Type ICMJE | Interventional | ||||||||
Study Phase ICMJE | Phase 4 | ||||||||
Study Design ICMJE | Allocation: Randomized Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Double (Participant, Care Provider) Primary Purpose: Treatment |
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Condition ICMJE |
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Intervention ICMJE |
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Study Arms ICMJE |
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Publications * |
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* Includes publications given by the data provider as well as publications identified by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number) in Medline. |
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Recruitment Information | |||||||||
Recruitment Status ICMJE | Recruiting | ||||||||
Estimated Enrollment ICMJE |
40 | ||||||||
Original Estimated Enrollment ICMJE | Same as current | ||||||||
Estimated Study Completion Date ICMJE | December 1, 2023 | ||||||||
Estimated Primary Completion Date | December 1, 2023 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) | ||||||||
Eligibility Criteria ICMJE |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Sex/Gender ICMJE |
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Ages ICMJE | 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) | ||||||||
Accepts Healthy Volunteers ICMJE | No | ||||||||
Contacts ICMJE |
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Listed Location Countries ICMJE | United States | ||||||||
Removed Location Countries | |||||||||
Administrative Information | |||||||||
NCT Number ICMJE | NCT03953118 | ||||||||
Other Study ID Numbers ICMJE | 17-23877 | ||||||||
Has Data Monitoring Committee | Yes | ||||||||
U.S. FDA-regulated Product |
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IPD Sharing Statement ICMJE |
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Responsible Party | University of California, San Francisco | ||||||||
Study Sponsor ICMJE | University of California, San Francisco | ||||||||
Collaborators ICMJE | Not Provided | ||||||||
Investigators ICMJE |
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PRS Account | University of California, San Francisco | ||||||||
Verification Date | January 2021 | ||||||||
ICMJE Data element required by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and the World Health Organization ICTRP |